Kant's Formalism: Formalism is the theory that AIR because of the action's form.
1. Kant’s Categorical Imperative: What makes an action right is that
everyone can act on it (which yields universalizability), and you'd have
everyone acting on it (which yields reversibility: Golden Rule).
2. Duties: obligations one has by virtue of one's embeddedness in society.
Perfect duty: A duty that must always be performed no matter what. And imperfect duties.
click here for my notes on Kantian ethics + categorical imperative.
3. Kant's Second Formulation: TREAT PEOPLE AS ENDS, NEVER AS MEANS TO AN END. Problems with the second formulation? C/A The problem with Kantian theory is the problem of exceptions to the rule. Should I keep a promise even if it puts someone's life in danger? Then, some times we have to treat people as means to ends.
click here for my notes on Kant's second formulation.
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